my rule of thumb is the lower the first number in the viscosity rating the better and try to get the same second viscosity number as OEM, ie if the manufacturer said to use a 15W40 I would get a 10W40 or a full synthetic 0W40.
The defence between a full synthetic oil, a semi synthetic oil and a normal minal oil is that a full synthetic oil’s base oil (the oil they start with, before they add any additives) is man made, and is more pure then the stuff that comes out of the ground (minal oil), semi synthetic's oil is a mix of the two.
The other thin to look at is the API ratting (normally on the bottom of the front label). It's basically a grade given to it (by passing a sears of tests) to tell you how good it is, it's normally SM for petrol or CH for Diesel. The SM is a petrol ratting and a lower second letter means it is of a lower grade, ie SJ because J comes before M in the alphabet. the CH is a Diesel ratting and basically the same thing as the petrol one expect starts with a C and sometimes ends with a -4 ie CI-4.
I don't clam to know much about filters but as others have said use a good one, OEM is your best bet but ryco clam to be better im not convinced ive had a bit to do with trucks and they all sware by Donaldson.
a nuther thing to add is you can use a diesel oil in a petrol engine, but it will pick up all the shit in the engine and dump it in the filter and it will start bypassing (the theory is bad oil is better then on oil) quit quickly. It’s a good way to clean out engines if you change the oil filter every day.
PS: sorry about any spelling mestakes, i did put it throgh a spell check before i posted it.